Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, triangular pitch arrangement as compared to square pitch arrangement

Facilitates easier shell side cleaning; hence is more suitable for handling high dirt factor shell side fluid
Creates relatively lower turbulence on the shell side resulting in lower shell side heat transfer co-efficient
Results in higher shell side pressure drop
Can accomodate less number of tubes for a given shell diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of seive plate column and the bubble cap column.

Weir height for a bubble cap plate column is the same as that for a seive plate column
Weir height in case of a bubble cap plate ranges from 50 to 150 mm and is higher than the seive plate
The downcomer design and the residence time in the downcomer is almost same for seive plate and bubble cap columns
Weir length for a bubble cap plate is the same as that for the seive plate

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
For turbulent flow (NRe > 2100) of low viscosity fluid (μ > 20cp) in steel pipes, the optimum inside pipe diameter is given by(where, Q = fluid flow rate, ft³/sec.ρ = fluid density, lb/ft³ μ = fluid viscosity, centipoise Di = optimum inside pipe diameter, inches)

Di, opt = 3 Q0.36 . μ0.88
Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 ρ0.13
Di, opt = 4.7 Q0.36 . μ3.2ρ0.13
Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 . μ0.95

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