Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of design of a shell and tube heat exchanger,

O.D. of the tube is 6 to 40 mm while the tube lengths used are 0.5, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6 metres
Minimum tube sheet thickness (in which tubes are fixed) is equal to the O.D. of the tube upto 15 mm tube diameter; and for > 15 mm tube diameter, tube sheet thickness is smaller than tube diameter
Minimum cleaning lane of 6.5 mm is provided, when tubes are on a square pitch
All of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Seamless pipe is made

From rolled strips formed into cylinders and seam-welded
By extrusion & casting into static and centrifugal molds
Both B and C
By forging a solid round, piercing it by simultaneously rotating & forcing it over a piercer point and further reducing it by rolling gas drawing

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Weep holes provided in the plates of a distillation column

Are normally located near the overflow weir so that any delivery of liquid during operation follows approximately the same path as the overflow fluid
Facilitate draining out liquid from a tray when the unit is not in operation
Must be large enough (usually 1/4" to 5/8" dia) to prevent plugging but should not deliver excessive amount of fluid during operation
All of these

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