Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about distillation operation

Distillation under vacuum is a substitute for steam distillation
In flash (equilibrium) distillation, a definite fraction of liquid is vaporised in such a way that the evolved vapour & residual liquids are in equilibrium with each other
In differential (simple) distillation, the vapour is removed as soon as it is formed without appreciable condensation
Flash distillation, differential distillation & steam distillation are all continuous distillation processes

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a double pipe (concentric) heat exchanger, the hydraulic radius for heat transfer (for a fluid flowing through the annulus) would be

Less than that for fluid flow
D₂ - D₁ (D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes respectively)
Same as that for fluid flow
More than that for fluid flow

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable operation and even vapour distribution.

None of these
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable operation
The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than 0.4
Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps

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