Process Equipment and Plant Design
Compensation against openings in process vessels for giving inlet and outlet connections, for providing sight glasses and manholes etc. is provided for strength and rigidity. The most efficient type of compensation is of __________ type.

Flared out
Fluid in
Ring plate
Nozzle or rim

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable operation and even vapour distribution.

The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than 0.4
None of these
Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes
To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence
To provide support to the tube bundle

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