Compensation against openings in process vessels for giving inlet and outlet connections, for providing sight glasses and manholes etc. is provided for strength and rigidity. The most efficient type of compensation is of __________ type.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Compensation against openings in process vessels for giving inlet and outlet connections, for providing sight glasses and manholes etc. is provided for strength and rigidity. The most efficient type of compensation is of __________ type.

Nozzle or rim

Fluid in

Ring plate

Flared out

Nozzle or rim

Fluid in

Ring plate

Flared out

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pressure drop due to pipe fittings can be estimated by the equation, ΔP/p = 4f.Le/D.V2/2gc, where, Le = equivalent length of straight pipeline which will incur the same frictional loss as the fitting and D = diameter of the fitting. The value of Le/D (dimensionless) for 45° elbow and 180° close return bends would be respectively around

300 and 500

5 and 10

180 and 300

45 and 75

300 and 500

5 and 10

180 and 300

45 and 75

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The absorption factor is defined as (where, S₁ = slope of the equilibrium curve, S₂ = slope of the operating line)

S₁.S₂

S₁/S₂

S₂/S₁

1/S₁.S₂

S₁.S₂

S₁/S₂

S₂/S₁

1/S₁.S₂

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Lap joints are preferred for plates having thickness __________ mm.

> 3

> 5

43961

< 12.5

> 3

> 5

43961

< 12.5

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The length of straight rectangular weir used on cross-flow trays is generally __________ the column diameter.

Equal to

2 ft irrespective of (for column > 3 ft diameter)

0.6-0.8 times

Twice

Equal to

2 ft irrespective of (for column > 3 ft diameter)

0.6-0.8 times

Twice

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes

Reducing the resistance of fluid flow

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve

Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts

Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes

Reducing the resistance of fluid flow

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve

Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts

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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design Compensation against openings in process vessels for giving inlet and outlet connections, for providing sight glasses and manholes etc. is provided for strength and rigidity. The most efficient type of compensation is of __________ type.

Process Equipment and Plant Design The absorption factor is defined as (where, S₁ = slope of the equilibrium curve, S₂ = slope of the operating line)

Process Equipment and Plant Design Lap joints are preferred for plates having thickness __________ mm.

Process Equipment and Plant Design The length of straight rectangular weir used on cross-flow trays is generally __________ the column diameter.

Process Equipment and Plant Design A stuffing box is used for

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Compensation against openings in process vessels for giving inlet and outlet connections, for providing sight glasses and manholes etc. is provided for strength and rigidity. The most efficient type of compensation is of __________ type.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The absorption factor is defined as (where, S₁ = slope of the equilibrium curve, S₂ = slope of the operating line)

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Lap joints are preferred for plates having thickness __________ mm.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The length of straight rectangular weir used on cross-flow trays is generally __________ the column diameter.

Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for