Process Equipment and Plant Design
A perforated plate has holes of diameter dh arranged in a pitch ph. Each hole has a tube of I.D. dt passing through it. The ligament efficiency is given by
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir