Estimating and Costing
The area of a sloping surface of a protective embankment of mean height‘d’, side slopes S: 1 and length ‘L’ is

d × d × s
2 L.D √(1 + s²)
√[d² × (ds)²]
L.D √(1 + s²)

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Estimating and Costing
Pick up the correct statement regarding the centre line method of estimating a building

All of these
The centre line length is reduced by half the layer of main wall joining the partition wall
The centre line is worked out separately for different sections of walls of a building
Product of the centre line of the walls and area of cross-section of any item, gives total quantity of the item

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