Microorganisms and Disease
The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines
cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis
forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation
binds host cell receptors found on heart cells

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Microorganisms and Disease
What is common in catheters and ventilators?

They predispose patients to viral rather than bacterial infections
They are used primarily in neonatal intensive care units
They bypass important defenses of the body
Bacteria responsible for associated infections are usually susceptible to antibiotics

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Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

not used as an antibacterial agent
an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures
an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures
an effective antibacterial when used in animals

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