Microorganisms and Disease
Pseudomembraneous colitis is

caused by a gram-positive bacterium
caused by a spore-forming bacterium
All of these
precipitated by the use of certain antibiotics

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is true regarding anthrax?

Inhalation Anthrax requires infection with a large number of spores
Anthrax is highly contagious
Anthrax is caused by a virus
Inhalation anthrax and cutaneous anthrax are caused by separate strains of Bacillus anthracis

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is common in the disease caused by Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae and Bacillus anthracis?

Both organisms cause skin and respiratory tract infections
Diphtheria toxin and edema toxin are ADP ribosylating toxins
The most serious disease symptoms are the direct result of toxin action
Both organisms are gram-positive spore formers

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Microorganisms and Disease
Cholera toxin is an A-B type toxin in which the B portions bind to a receptor on a host cell and the A portion enters the cell to cause

ADP ribosylation of adenylate cyclase that stops production of cAMP
ADP ribosylation of guanylate cyclase that stimulates production of cGMP
cleavage of rRNA that results in disruption of ribosome function
ADP ribosylation of a G protein that locks it into an active form that stimulates adenylate cyclase to make cAMP

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