Microorganisms and Disease
Lactoferrin helps to protect against pathogens by

lowering the pH
facilitating the growth of normal flora
blocking sebum production
sequestering Iron

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Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures
an effective antibacterial when used in animals
not used as an antibacterial agent
an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures

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Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface
All of these
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed
phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm

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Microorganisms and Disease
A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is

EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not
EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not
EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not
EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not

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