PROCESS EQUIPMENT AND PLANT DESIGN

The corrosive and fouling fluid should be preferably routed through the tubes

Lower flow rate fluid should be routed through the shell side

Higher pressure fluid stream should be routed through the shell side

The viscous fluid should be routed through the shell side

The maximum value of baffle spacing is equal to the I.D. of the shell

The maximum unsupported tube span is generally about 75 times tube diameter, but is reduced to about 60 times for aluminium, copper & alloys of these

The minimum value of baffle spacing is 50 mm

Disk and doughnut baffle is the most commonly used baffle

Baffles are supported independently of the tubes by tie rods and positioned by spacers

Bracket supports are used for horizontal shell, while saddle support is used for vertical shell

Clearance between shell & baffles and between tube & baffles should be minimum to avoid by-passing of the fluid, but it should be enough to permit the removal of tube bundle

Tie rods are fixed at one end in the tube sheet by making blind holes and the minimum number of tie rods is 4 with at least 10 mm diameter

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Reducing scale deposition

Fixing the tubes

Increasing pressure drop

Creating turbulence