Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More than the tube diameter
Equal to the tube diameter
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation
It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
None of these
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation

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