Recombinant DNA Technology
Plant transformation can be obtained by

using the E. coli bacterium to infect plant roots
shooting DNA into plant cells with a gun
infecting plants with a tobacco mosaic virus
combining plant and animal cells in culture

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Recombinant DNA Technology
Some genetic diseases cannot be diagnosed by changes in restriction sites. Some of these can be detected by allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. These are

mutagenized copies of a gene
short sequences that will hybridize only to a specific base sequence
copies of the gene with an altered sequence so that a restriction site is inserted
PCR-amplified variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs)

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP