Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance
Both B and C
Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

Equal to the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
More than the tube diameter

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