Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger having square pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by (where, P = pitch, d = outside diameter of the tube)
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
EXAMIANS