Process Equipment and Plant Design
The ends of a cylinderical vessel can be closed by a head, which can be one of the four shapes. For the same thickness, choose the one which can withstand the highest pressure.

Hemispherical
Ellipsoidal
Torispherical
Flat plate

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Sub cooling of condensate is desired
Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate

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