Process Equipment and Plant Design
Ratio of tube length to shell diameter for a shell and tube heat exchanger is

4 : 1 to 8 : 1 for liquid-liquid exchanger
8 : 1 to 12 : 1 for both liquid-liquid and gas-gas heat exchangers
Both B & C
< 4 : 1 for gas-gas exchangers

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele's method?

Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small
Molar latent heat of the two components are equal
Reflux is not a saturated liquid
Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero

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