Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More than the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
Equal to the tube diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient
Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Ponchon Savarit method is based on the use of enthalpy concentration diagram, which contains the bubble point curve (saturated liquid curve), dew point curve (saturated vapour curve) and equilibrium tie lines. As compared to McCabe-Thiele's method, this method

Facilitates direct calculation of heat load on reboiler & condenser from, the diagram used in this method
All of these
Accounts for the enthalpy changes in the process
Is more accurate in finding the number of equilibrium stages

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