Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Both B and C
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Mc Cable Thiele method used for finding theoretical stages in a distillation column assumes that the

Liquid/vapor loading across the column remains constant
Sensible heat differences are small, because the temperature changes from tray to tray is small
All of these
Trouton's rule is applicable

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Weep holes provided in the plates of a distillation column

Facilitate draining out liquid from a tray when the unit is not in operation
All of these
Are normally located near the overflow weir so that any delivery of liquid during operation follows approximately the same path as the overflow fluid
Must be large enough (usually 1/4" to 5/8" dia) to prevent plugging but should not deliver excessive amount of fluid during operation

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