Process Equipment and Plant Design
Large process vessels operating under extreme temperature and pressure conditions are normally clad/ lined with materials like stainless steel, aluminium, nickel & its alloys, copper & its alloys and titanium. The cladding thickness is generally about __________ percent of the total thickness.

30 to 40
1 to 5
40 to 50
10 to 20

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A head comprises of straight flange section, corner torus, section and central dished section. Crown radius and knuckle radius in a head is related respectively to the

Central dished section and straight flange section
Corner torus section and central dished section
Straight flange section and corner torus section
Central dished section and corner torus section

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