Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate
Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Sub cooling of condensate is desired

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts
Reducing the resistance of fluid flow
Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve

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