Process Equipment and Plant Design
LMTD correction factor is used in heat exchanger design for

Counter flow of hot and cold fluids
Double pipe heat exchanger
Fouling fluids
Multipass shell and tube heat exchanger

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient

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