Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed
Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber
The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle diesel engine, the exhaust valve

Opens at 30° before bottom dead centre and closes at 10° after top dead centre
May open and close anywhere
Opens at 30° after bottom dead centre and closes at 10° before top dead centre
Opens at bottom dead centre and closes at top dead centre

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