Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant
The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed
Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center
Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere

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