Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engines

May open and close anywhere
Exhaust valve opens at 35° before bottom dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
Exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead center and closes just before top dead center
Exhaust valve opens at bottom dead center and closes at top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
For the same compression ratio

Diesel cycle is more efficient than Otto
Otto cycle is more efficient than the Diesel
Both Otto and Diesel cycles are, equally efficient
Compression ratio has nothing to do with efficiency

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