Process Equipment and Plant Design
In perforated plate towers, the

All of these
Total hole area may be around 6 to 15% of tower cross-sectional area
Pressure drop is less compared is similar bubble cap towers
Hole sizes may be around 1/8" or 3/16"

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Practical dividing line between a ductile and brittle materials is suggested, when the ultimate elongation is about 5%. Generally, larger the knuckle radius, stronger is the corner torus section of a head. The knuckle radius provided should be less than __________ of the head.

3 times the thickness
Either A or B, whichever is smaller
Either A or B, whichever is larger
6% of I.D.

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