Power Systems
In load flow studies PV bus is treated as PQ bus when

 voltage at the bus become high
 phase angle become high
 any of the above
 reactive power goes beyond limit

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Power Systems
The skin effect shows that

 the distribution of AC current is uniform through the cross section of the conductor
 current density is lower at the surface of the condutor
 current density is more at the surface of the condutor
 current density is more at the centre of the condutor

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