Mass Transfer
In an operating distillation column, the

Vapors and liquids are at their dew point and bubble point respectively
Driving force for the vapor flow is the pressure drop, as the pressure decreases gradually from the bottom to the top of the column
Highest temperature is encountered at the top of the column
Driving force for the liquid flow is its specific weight

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Mass Transfer
Steam distillation is used to

Reduce the number of plates
Increase the efficiency of separation
Avoid thermal decomposition of a component
Increase the total pressure of distillation

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