Theory of Machine
In a simple harmonic motion, the velocity vector with respect to displacement vector

Leads by 90°
Is in phase
Lags by 90°
Leads by 180°

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Theory of Machine
Hammer blow

Varies inversely with the square of the speed
Is the maximum vertical unbalanced force caused by the mass added to balance the reciprocating masses
Is the maximum horizontal unbalanced force caused by the mass provided to balance the reciprocating masses.
Varies as the square root of the speed

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