Mass Transfer
In a moderately sized packed absorption tower, channeling (which is most severe with stacked packings) can be minimised by taking the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter

< 6:1
< 8 : 1
> 4 :1
> 8:1

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Mass Transfer
In a distillation operation, what is the effect of the temperature of the reflux stream (given below) on the condenser and reboiler loads? Reflux conditions:(i) Reflux stream is completely liquid and is at its bubble point.(ii) Reflux stream is below its bubble point.

Reboiler load is the same in both the cases but condenser load is higher in case (ii)
Condenser and reboiler loads are the same in both the cases
Both condensor and reboiler loads are higher in case (ii) as compared to case (i)
Condenser load is the same in both the cases but reboiler load is higher in case (ii)

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