Mass Transfer
In an operating distillation column, the

Driving force for the vapor flow is the pressure drop, as the pressure decreases gradually from the bottom to the top of the column
Driving force for the liquid flow is its specific weight
Highest temperature is encountered at the top of the column
Vapors and liquids are at their dew point and bubble point respectively

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Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion is caused by the

Activation energy of the molecules
Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
Thermal energy of the molecules
Potential energy of the molecules

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