Cell Signalling and Transduction
Two key organizing principles for large multicellular organisms are

simple nerve reflexes and cell specialization
communication between cells and simple nerve reflexes
prokaryotic cell structure and cell specialization
cell specialization and communication between cells

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Cell Signalling and Transduction
The signaling molecules called steroid hormones

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades
never enter the blood of humans
are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane
are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away

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