Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve
Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes
Reducing the resistance of fluid flow
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient
Shell side for smaller total pressure drop

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