Theory of Machine
A body is said to be under forced vibrations, when

None of these
There is a reduction in amplitude after every cycle of vibration
A body vibrates under the influence of external force
No external force acts on a body, after giving it an initial displacement

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
All of these

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