Theory of Machine
Angle of action of cam is defined as the angle

Through which the cam rotates during the period in which the follower remains in the highest position
Of rotation of the cam for a definite displacement of the follower
Moved by the cam from beginning of ascent to the termination of descent
Moved by the cam from the instant the follower begins to rise, till it reaches its highest position

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Theory of Machine
The primary unbalanced force due to inertia of reciprocating parts in a reciprocating engine is given by (where m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, θ = Angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke, and n = Ratio of the length of connecting rod to radius of crank)

m.ω².r (sin 2θ/n)
m.ω².r cosθ
m.ω².r (cos 2θ/n)
m.ω².r sinθ

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