Process Equipment and Plant Design
With increase in the reflux ratio for a fixed production from a continuous binary distillation column, the __________ decreases.

Running cost of steam for reboiler
Running cost of cooling water for condenser
Vapour & liquid load both
Fixed charges initially

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel
Irrespective of the shape of the vessel
Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The function of manholes provided in the shell of a distillation column is to

Keep a check on the liquid gradient over the plate by direct visual observation
All of these
Guard against foaming & entrainment by dumping antifoaming agent through it
Give access to the individual trays for cleaning, maintenance and installation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate
Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Sub cooling of condensate is desired

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