Process Equipment and Plant Design
With increase in the reflux ratio for a fixed production from a continuous binary distillation column, the __________ decreases.

Running cost of steam for reboiler
Fixed charges initially
Running cost of cooling water for condenser
Vapour & liquid load both

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A stuffing box is used for

Facilitating smooth opening and closing of a valve
Reducing the resistance of fluid flow
Prevention of fluid leakage around moving parts
Absorbing the contraction/expansion of pipeline due to temperature changes

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the corrosion allowance

Need not be provided for non-pressure parts like tie rods, spacers, baffles, supports etc
For carbon steel and cast iron pressure parts is 1.5 mm (except for tubes) and for severe conditions it is 3 mm
For internal cover and tube sheet is provided on both the sides
All of these

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