Process Equipment and Plant Design
Fouling factor must be included in the calculation of over all design heat transfer coefficient, when the liquid

Is highly viscous
Containing suspended solids flows at low velocity
Containing suspended solids flows at high velocity
Is of high specific gravity

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD
Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD

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