Process Equipment and Plant Design
Fouling factor must be included in the calculation of over all design heat transfer coefficient, when the liquid

Is highly viscous
Is of high specific gravity
Containing suspended solids flows at low velocity
Containing suspended solids flows at high velocity

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the use of valve tray, seive tray and bubble cap trays in continuous distillation column.

Bubble cap trays though most expensive are the best in situations, where low vapour rates is to be handled and a positive liquid seal is essential at all flow rates
Murphree efficiency of all the three trays are nearly equal, however the peak efficiency is generally higher for seive and valve trays than the bubble cap
Maintenance cost for valve and seive trays are comparatively more than bubble cap tray due to their relatively complicated construction features
Valve trays have the highest turn down ratio (i.e. the ratio of the highest to the lowest vapour flow rates) and thus provides the maximum flexible operating range

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate
Sub cooling of condensate is desired

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