Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is common in the disease caused by Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae and Bacillus anthracis?

Both organisms are gram-positive spore formers
The most serious disease symptoms are the direct result of toxin action
Diphtheria toxin and edema toxin are ADP ribosylating toxins
Both organisms cause skin and respiratory tract infections

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Microorganisms and Disease
The influenza vaccine is administered each year because

mutations in the viral hemagglutinin may allow the virus to evade the immune response elicited by previous vaccines
None of these
the vaccine is sufficiently toxic to make it necessary to administer only a small amount at any one time
it is a polysaccharide vaccine that does not confer long-term protection

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Microorganisms and Disease
A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is

EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not
EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not
EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not
EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not

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