Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall tray efficiency of a distillation column is the ratio of the number of

Real trays required to the number of ideal trays required
Ideal trays required to the number of real trays required
None of these
Overall gas transfer units to the number of ideal trays required

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Number of evaporators which can be used in service in a multiple effect evaporation system is limited by the

Neither A nor B
Practical limit reached, due to low heat transfer rate because of inadequate temperature difference
Both A & B
Economic limit reached, when the plant cost exceeds the saving of steam

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

All of these
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

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