Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
None of these
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Mc Cable Thiele method used for finding theoretical stages in a distillation column assumes that the

Sensible heat differences are small, because the temperature changes from tray to tray is small
All of these
Trouton's rule is applicable
Liquid/vapor loading across the column remains constant

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