Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Only the function of condensation is to be carried out
Sub cooling of condensate is desired
Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele's method?

Reflux is not a saturated liquid
Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero
Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small
Molar latent heat of the two components are equal

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