Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used
Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
All of these

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Overall tray efficiency of a distillation column is the ratio of the number of

Ideal trays required to the number of real trays required
None of these
Overall gas transfer units to the number of ideal trays required
Real trays required to the number of ideal trays required

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