Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In open channels, the specific energy is the

Total energy measured above the horizontal datum
Total energy per unit discharge
Kinetic energy plotted above the free surface of water
Total energy measured with respect to the datum passing through the bottom of the channel

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In a reaction turbine, the draft tube is used

To transport water to downstream
To increase the head of water by an amount equal to the height of the runner outlet above the tail race
To prevent air to enter the turbine
To run the turbine full

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