Electrical Machines
When the supply terminal of a DC shunt motor are interchanged

 The motor will run much faster in the same direction.
 The motor will stop.
  The motor will run at its normal speed in the same direction as before.
 The direction of rotation will reverse.

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Electrical Machines
A bipolar dc machine with interpoles has a main-pole flux of ф per pole and an interpole flux of Фᵢ per pole. The yoke of the machine is devide into four quadrants by the main-pole axis and The commutation axis. The flux-distribution in the quadrants will be

 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in two adjacent quadrants and ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in the remaining two quadrants
 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in all the four quadrants
 ½ ( ф + фᵢ ) in two diametrically opposite quadrants and ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in the remaining two Quadrants
 ½ ( ф - фᵢ ) in all the four quadrants

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Electrical Machines
The synchronous motor can be started by

  any of the above methods.
  coupling it with a DC compound motor.
  coupling it with a small AC induction motor called the pony motor.
  providing damper winding in its rotor circuit.

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