Theory of Machine
When the elements of a pair are kept in contact by the action of external forces, the pair is said to be a

Higher pair
Lower pair
Force-closed pair
Self-closed pair

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Theory of Machine
A rigid body, under the action of external forces, can be replaced by two masses placed at a fixed distance apart. The two masses form an equivalent dynamical system, if

All of these
The center of gravity of the two masses coincides with that of the body
The sum of the two masses is equal to the total mass of body
The sum of mass moment of inertia of the masses about their center of gravity is equal to the mass moment of inertia of the body

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