Theory of Machine
A spring controlled governor is found unstable. It can be made stable by

Increasing the spring stiffness
Decreasing the ball mass
Increasing the ball mass
Decreasing the spring stiffness

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Theory of Machine
A rigid body, under the action of external forces, can be replaced by two masses placed at a fixed distance apart. The two masses form an equivalent dynamical system, if

The sum of mass moment of inertia of the masses about their center of gravity is equal to the mass moment of inertia of the body
The center of gravity of the two masses coincides with that of the body
All of these
The sum of the two masses is equal to the total mass of body

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