Machine Design
When a shaft is subjected to combined twisting moment (T) and bending moment (M), then the equivalent twisting moment is equal to

(1/2) × [M + √(M² + T²)]
M + √(M² + T²)
(1/2) × √(M² + T²)
√(M² + T²)

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Machine Design
A bolt of uniform strength can be developed by

Keeping the nominal diameter of threads equal to the diameter of unthreaded portion of the bolt
Keeping the core diameter of threads equal to the diameter of unthreaded portion of the bolt
Keeping the core diameter smaller than the diameter of the unthreaded portion
None of these

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