Theory of Machine
To connect two parallel and coplanar shafts the following type of gearing is used

Spur gear
None of the listed here
Bevel gear
Spiral gear

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Theory of Machine
For an isochronous Hartnell governor (where r₁ and r₂ = Maximum and minimum radius of rotation of balls respectively, S₁ and S₂ = Maximum and minimum force exerted on the sleeve respectively, and M = Mass on the sleeve)

S₁/S₂ = r₁/r₂
(m.g - S₁)/(m.g - S₂) = r₂/r₁
S₂/S₁ = r₁/r₂
(m.g + S₁)/(m.g + S₂) = r₁/r₂

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