Theory of Machine
Which of the following statements regarding laws governing the friction between dry surfaces are correct?

All of these
The friction force is independent of me area of contact.
The friction force is dependent on the materials of the contact surfaces.
The friction force is directly proportional to the normal force.

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, this method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
All of the listed here
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston

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