Theory of Machine
The tractive force in a locomotive with two cylinders is given by (where c = Fraction of reciprocating parts per cylinder, m = Mass of reciprocating parts, ω = Angular speed of crank, r = Radius of crank, and θ = Angle of inclination of crank to the line of stroke)

m.ω².r (cosθ - sinθ)
m.ω².r sinθ
(1 - c).m.ω².r (cosθ - sinθ)
m.ω².r cosθ

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Theory of Machine
A rotor which is balanced statically but not dynamically is supported on two bearings L apart and at high speed of the rotor, reaction on the left bearing is R. The right side of the bearing is shifted to a new position 2L apart from the left bearing. At the same rotor speed, dynamic reaction on the left bearing in the new arrangement will

Become equal to R/4
Become equal to R/2
Become equal to 2R
Remain same as before

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