Theory of Machine
The tractive force is maximum or minimum when the angle of inclination of crank with the line of stroke (θ) is equal to

135° and 315°
270° and 360°
0° and 90°
90° and 180°

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Theory of Machine
A rigid body, under the action of external forces, can be replaced by two masses placed at a fixed distance apart. The two masses form an equivalent dynamical system, if

The sum of mass moment of inertia of the masses about their center of gravity is equal to the mass moment of inertia of the body
All of these
The sum of the two masses is equal to the total mass of body
The center of gravity of the two masses coincides with that of the body

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