Machine Design
The stiffness of a closely coiled helical spring subjected to an axial load W is equal to (where G = Modulus of rigidity, and n = Number of active coils)

Gd⁴/ 8D²n
Gd3/ 8D3n
Gd⁴/ 8D3n
Gd⁴/ 4D3n

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Machine Design
In order to determine the stresses in a thin cylinder due to an internal pressure, it is assumed that

The tensile stresses are uniformly distributed over the section of the walls
The effect of the restraining action of the heads at the end of the pressure vessel is neglected
All of these
The effect of curvature of the cylinder wall is neglected

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